Perkara yang perlu diberi perhatian semasa memilih pencahayaan bilik darjah
Fokus pencahayaan bilik darjah ialah pemilihan lampu. Persekitaran pencahayaan bilik darjah harus memenuhi keperluan penulisan pelajar dan guru di atas meja dan papan hitam. Oleh itu, apabila memilih lampu dan tanglung, ciri-ciri persekitaran bilik darjah harus dipertimbangkan, dan bentuk lampu dan kaedah pencahayaan yang munasabah harus dipilih. Perkara yang perlu diperhatikan adalah seperti berikut:
1. Bilik darjah yang agak sempit, umumnya tidak melebihi 6m lebar dan tidak melebihi 8m panjang. Lampu bilik darjah yang berserenjang dengan arah papan hitam hanya memerlukan dua lajur, dan sejumlah 4-6 lampu bilik darjah boleh memenuhi keperluan pencahayaan. Terdapat banyak ruang untuk pemilihan lampu bilik darjah tersebut. Selagi kedudukan dan ketinggian lampu yang sesuai dipilih, lampu gril am boleh memenuhi keperluan.
2. Dalam bilik darjah yang agak besar, lampu bilik darjah yang berserenjang dengan arah papan hitam mestilah mempunyai lebih daripada tiga tiang atau bilik darjah yang dipasang lebih daripada 8 lampu. Bilik darjah sedemikian mesti menggunakan lampu jeriji kecil dengan jeriji cermin. Menurut formula UGR untuk mengira silau bilik darjah, pekali kedudukan lampu pada garisan tengah bilik darjah adalah yang terbesar, dan nilai kecerahan permukaan lampu pada garisan tengah juga adalah yang terbesar, jadi bilangan lampu yang dipasang. pada garis tengah hendaklah diminimumkan dalam reka bentuk.
3. Use special blackboard lamps. According to the relevant standard requirements, the blackboard lamps cannot have glare effects on the teachers on the podium when working. It is generally believed that blackboard lamps cannot be installed within a range of 45 degree above the teacher's line of sight when a teacher is giving a lecture. This puts forward requirements for the installation height of blackboard lamps. At the same time, considering the possible position conflict with other teaching equipment, it is best to have a blackboard lamp designed to be liftable.
4. The installation positions of lamps can be divided according to the functional areas of the classroom. The classroom is mainly divided into two parts, the podium area and the student desk area. The podium area is mainly the work area of teachers. If the lighting of the blackboard meets the requirements of the standard, there is generally no need to add lamps to illuminate the podium area in this area, and only the blackboard lamps and reflected light can meet the lighting requirements. Student desk area, according to GB 50099-2011 "Code for Design of Primary and Secondary Schools", including the range from 2.5m from the blackboard to 0.6m from the back wall of the classroom. This area must meet the relevant requirements in the standard. The installation location of classroom lamps should also be mainly aimed at this area, rather than installing lamps from the podium.
5. Requirements for special classrooms. Most of the school are ordinary classrooms, in addition to laboratory, art room, computer room, gymnastics room, recording and broadcasting classrooms and other special classrooms, the special requirements of these classrooms should be considered in the design stage. For example, the illuminance limit of the art classroom is 500lx, and the color rendering index of the light source must reach Ra90 or more; special laboratories (physics laboratories, chemistry laboratories, etc.) generally use dark rubber table mats, and the reflectivity of the desk will increase. When descending, students sometimes stand to perform experimental operations, which will block light, so local lighting equipment should be equipped if necessary; the computer room should design the position and height of lamps according to the position of the computer to avoid reflected glare on the computer screen; gymnastics room and Vertical lighting equipment should be added to the recording and broadcasting classrooms, so that students can see the teacher's facial expressions clearly.
